メンタルと三大欲求の関係性：メンタルヘルスマネジメント

メンタル・イデア・ラボを運営する代表のスミです。今回は本城に代わり、私が寄稿します。今後もたまに寄稿することがあるかもしれませんが、よろしくお願いいたします。

今回はメンタルと三大欲求の関係性から

メンタルヘルスマネジメント

について自分の体験を踏まえた私見を書きたいと思います。

その前にここでの三大欲求を定義します。人によって食欲、睡眠欲、所属欲などいろいろ言われているようですが、ここでは日本で一般に言われている【食欲】【睡眠欲】【性欲】を三大欲求とします。三大欲求という表現は日本独自のようです。また宗教によってもさまざまな欲求が唱えられています。欲求といっても意外といろいろあるものだなと思いました。

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さて本題です。メンタルが不調になると三大欲求のどれか、あるいはすべてに影響が表れた経験はないですか？私はメンタルの不調の度合いによって三大欲求に何らかの影響が表れます。

私の場合、男性だからか最初に性欲に影響が出ます。性欲が無くなるというと語弊がありますが、著しく減退するという感じでしょうか。そして異性に興味を持つことが極めて薄くなります。一般に男性は女性より性欲を司る脳の視床下部は２倍大きく、テストステロンというホルモンの分泌量は女性より１０〜２０倍多いと言われています。そう考えると身体としての機能が備わっているにもかかわらず、著しく性欲が減退する、異性への興味が薄くなるということは

個人的に男性（雄）として危機的状態

にあるのではないか？と思ってしまいます。

メンタルヘルスの不調がさらに深刻化すると、私は不眠状態になります。そうは言っても眠ることは眠るのですが、寝付きがものすごく悪くなり、明け方になってようやく眠りに就くも睡眠時間はとてつもなく短く、程なくして目覚めてしまいます。普段の寝付きは１分〜２分以内なので、明け方まで眠くならない、睡魔が来たとしてもすぐに目覚めてしまうことが連日続くと、日中は無気力な状態で、夜は極度な焦燥感に襲われました。

生命力が衰弱していく感覚

すら覚えました。

その時は『さすがに睡眠薬に頼ろうか』とも思いましたが、睡眠薬なしでは眠れなくなることが怖くて我慢しました。

食欲については幸い不振になった記憶はありません。ここ１５年ぐらい、一日一食ということもあるのかもしれませんが、食欲不振になるのは風邪を患った時ぐらいです。ただ、料理を味わい幸福感を得るという人間的、文化的な食事というより、単に何か食べるだけの原始的な行為だった気がします。メンタルヘルスの不調により、人によっては過食症や拒食症になるとか・・・。

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以上のことから私は、メンタルの不調と三大欲求のいずれかは密接に関係していると実感しました。その表れ方については人それぞれだと思います。またメンタルの不調の度合いや深刻度によっても程度に差が出ることでしょう。私も私なりにその時はかなりしんどかったです。しかし病院を受診するとか専門家に相談するという発想は浮かびませんでした。今思えば理由は二つありました。一つは私にとってそれらは、

まったく身近な存在ではなかった

一つは、

相談機関の存在を知らなかった

ということです。ただ一人で耐えるしかないこと、と思い込んでいました。

このメンタルヘルスと三大欲求の関係性を体感したことから、身体にまで悪影響が表れること、それはつまり社会生活に悪影響が出ることを痛感しました。そう考えた時、メンタルヘルスは

自分らしく生きるための根源

ではないだろうか、と思うようになりました。もっと自分のメンタルに身体同等に意識を向け、自分自身のメンタルの状態を確認し把握することが重要だと気付きました。それは

大切に自分を生きること

になるのでは、と思うのです。

そのためには体調不良の時に薬を服用したり、休養をとったり、あるいは栄養のあるものを食べたりするのと同様に、メンタルヘルスを意識し、戦略的に予防したり、労ったり、しなやかさを保つコツだったりなど、自分に合った心的栄養補給や心的健康管理を実践する

メンタルヘルスマネジメント

が肝心ではないかと思うのです。ここまで考えると、もはや科学的根拠のない今までの我流では不安なので、やはり心理士のような専門家の力を借り、そうした予防技術や手法、心的習慣を享受したほうが安全で安心ではないかと思うのです。身体でいうところの健康診断のようなイメージでしょうか。

趣味に没頭する、親しい人と話す、美味しいものを食べる、カラオケをするなどは、日常の一時的なストレスの発散にはなるかもしれませんが、自分のメンタルと意識的に向き合い、マネジメントすることとはニュアンスが違うと思います。

クオリティ・オブ・ライフやワーク・ライフ・バランスという概念が盛んに言われていますが、それを可能にする土台となるのは、

ボディ＆メンタルヘルス（心身共に健康）

ではないでしょうか。当然といえば当然ですが、メンタルヘルスの体制は現状とても脆弱に過ぎると思って止みません。特に国や企業としての取り組みはＯＥＣＤ加盟国の中で日本は十数年遅れています。その証左として、メンタルヘルスの不調による経済的損失は日本全体で２.７兆円にもなるそうです。

働き方が多様化、複雑化する中で、メンタルのセーフティネットとして、心理士などいよいよメンタルの専門家による

【科学に基づいた予防的メンタルケア体制】

の充実が社会全体に必要な時期にきていると、素人ながらに思うのです。

精神科医や心療内科医は何らかの疾患を発症し、それを治療する専門家であって、セーフティネットとしての専門家とは違う気がします。

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＜運営会社：Jiyuuku Inc.＞

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